粳稻穗角、着粒密度及每穗颖花数的遗传

摘要

为阐明水稻穗部性状的遗传，利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型对水稻直立穗品种3012与弯曲穗品种万特大粒杂交组合的P1、P2、F1和F2的穗角和着粒密度及每穗颖花数的遗传进行了分析。结果表明，穗角和每穗颖花数性状的遗传均受1对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因共同控制，着粒密度性状的遗传受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因共同控制。穗型弯曲对直立、着粒密度密对疏和每穗颖花数多对少均为部分显性。穗角和着粒密度以主基因遗传为主，每穗颖花数以多基因遗传为主，穗角和每穗颖花数的加性效应和显性效应同等重要，而着粒密度以加性效应为主。%To better understand the inheritance of panicle properties, a genetic analysis of panicle angle, seed set-ting density and spikelets per panicle with P1 , P2 , F1 and F2 derived from the cross between 3012 ( erect panicle ) and Wantedali ( curved panicle) was carried out using major gene-polygene mixed inheritance model. The results showed that both panicle angle and spikelets per panicle were controlled by one major gene with additive-dominant effects plus polygene with additive-dominant-epistatic effects, and seed density was controlled by two major genes with additive-dominant-epistat-ic effects plus polygene with additive-dominant-epistatic effects. The heredity of curved panicle, high seed setting density and more spikelets per panicle were partially dominant. The inheritance of panicle angle and seed density were dominated by major gene and spikelets per panicle was governed by polygene. Additive effects and dominant effects played an equal role in the inheritance of spikelets per panicle and panicle angle, while additive effects domi-nated the inheritance of seed setting density.