不同初始pH值及覆盖材料对中药渣堆肥效果的影响

摘要

The high temperature composting experiment using the herbal residues,an industry waste,as the basic ma⁃terial under an aerobic fermentation was carried out.The dynamic changes of temperature,electrical conductivity (EC),pH, total nitrogen (TN),total phosphorus (TP),total potassium (TK) and the germination of Chinese cabbage were studied. When the initial pH of herbal residues was between 6 and 7,the temperature of the compost was the highest,and the seed germination rate reached 81�25% in 25 d. However, when the initial pH was between 4 and 5,the contents of organic mat⁃ter,TN,TP,and TK were higher at the end of the composting. Herbal residues covered with white plastic film outplayed those with black film in getting higher composting temperature, faster pH rise in the fermentation process, and more organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium after fermentation.%以废弃中药渣为原料进行高温堆肥试验，在不同初始pH值及不同覆盖材料下，采用好氧人工翻堆堆肥方式，研究中药渣高温堆制过程中理化性状（温度、电导率、pH、全氮、全磷、全钾）的动态变化及种子发芽率。结果表明：中药渣初始pH 6～7处理的堆肥温度较高，其种子发芽率在堆制25 d时达到81�25％，初始pH 4～5处理的堆肥在堆制结束后其有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾含量最高。覆盖白膜处理的中药渣腐熟效果比黑膜覆盖处理的好。覆盖白膜处理的中药渣堆肥温度较高，在堆制过程中pH上升快，堆制结束后有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾含量较高。