蓄电池生产企业铅作业工人骨密度水平调查研究

摘要

目的 探讨铅蓄电池生产工人职业性铅接触与骨密度的相关性.方法 选取某铅蓄电池厂铅作业工人229人作为研究对象,骨密度采用美国Achilles Express型超声骨密度仪进行左脚或右脚跟骨的测定,检测其生产环境铅浓度和工人血铅水平.结果 男性工人的血铅[(1.91±0.89)μmol/L vs.(1.39±0.75)μtml/L]、骨质流失(25.28％ vs.5.88％)及骨质疏松(8.42％ vs.1.96％)发生率显著高于女性(P＜0.01),其T值也显著低于女性(P＜0.01),各性别组不同年龄、工龄及血铅水平间差异无显著性(P＞ 0.05).结论 性别因素可能与铅影响骨密度有关,较短工龄较高的铅接触水平未对人体骨密度有影响.%Objective To explore the correlation between lead exposure in workers producing lead storage battery with bone mineral density ( BMD ).Methods 229 workers exposed to lead in a factory producing lead storage battery were included in this study.Calcaneal bone density of the left or the right foot was measured with the US Achilles Express Ultrasonometer.The environmental lead levels and blood lead concentrations in the workers were detected.Results The blood lead concentrations and incidence rates of bone loss and osteoporosis were obviously higher in male workers than in female workers (P＜ 0.01 ); T-value was lower in the male (P＜ 0.01 ).Theages,length of employment,andblood lead levels did not differ significantly in the same sex group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Sex may be correlated to the effect of bone mineral density.Shorter length of employment with higher lead exposure has no influence on the density.