超声检查在胎儿全前脑畸形中的应用分析

摘要

目的 探讨超声在产前诊断胎儿全前脑畸形中的应用价值.方法 先用二维超声对胎儿进行检查,按顺序、连续、多切面及多角度进行观察,然后对检出有全前脑畸形胎儿进行面部实时三维成像,并将产前诊断与引产后病理诊断进行跟踪对照.结果 在检出 10例全前脑畸形中有4例无叶全前脑、6例半叶全前脑;畸形胎儿的孕龄在15～32w之间;全部病例均伴有颜面部畸形,漏诊1例;5例伴有其它系统的畸形.结论 三维超声提供逼真胎儿图像,对二维超声具有重要的补充作用;如超声医生能熟练掌握胎儿正常及异常的颅脑结构的超声特征,能在较早妊娠中期准确诊断无叶全前脑及半叶全前脑病变.%Objective To explore the value of ultrasonography in the detection of fetal holoprosencephaly malformations.Methods We used two dimensional (2D) ultrasonography to check the fetuses and observed orderly,continuously and from multi-section and multi-angle,then if holoprosencephaly malformations were detected,among these cases,tridimensional (3D) imaging was used to check the fetal face.The results were compared to analyze the post-abortion autopsy results.Results 10 cases of fetal holoprosencephaly were diagnosed using 2D and 3D ultrasonography,including 4 cases of alobar holoprosencephaly and 6 cases of semilunar holoprosencephaly.The ages of these fetuses were 15-32 weeks.All cases presented facial malformations but remained undetected in one; in 5 cases other malformations were also present.Conclusion 3D ultrasonography can provide vivid fetal images.3D imaging is an important supplementary tool to 2D imaging.The accurate detection of fetal alobar holoprosencephaly and semilobar holoprosencephaly malformations in the early mid-trimester of pregnancy depends on the sonographers' ability to differentiate between normal and abnormal ultrasonic characteristics of fetal cranio-cerebral structural.