磁共振扩散及灌注成像技术在新生儿急性缺氧缺血性脑病中的应用

摘要

The morbidity of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is high in the neonates, and its disability rate and fatality rate also stay at a high level. MRI has become the main examination to diagnose and evaluate the prognosis. In recent years, some new MRI techniques, such as diffusion weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, diffusion kurtosis imaging, arterial spin labeling, and intravoxel incoherent motion, have achieved significant developments in the diffusion and perfusion imaging. These techniques can better reflect the pathological changes of HIE. In this paper, the characteristics and applications of the diffusion and perfusion MRI in HIE were summarized.%缺氧缺血性脑病在新生儿中发病率较高，其致残及致死率居高不下，MRI已成为诊断HIE及评估预后的主要影像检查方法。近年来，一些新型MRI技术，例如扩散加权成像、扩散张量成像、扩散峰度成像、动脉自旋标记成像、体素内不相干运动等在扩散及灌注成像方面有了显著发展，能够更好地反映HIE的病理改变。就MRI扩散及灌注成像新技术在HIE中的成像特点及应用进行综述。