云南省昆明市临床疑似弓形虫病患者血清流行病学分析

摘要

Objective To perform seroepidemiology analysis on the suspicious patients with Toxoplasma gondii infection in Kunming,Yunnan Province.Methods From 2008 to 2012,a total of 3 782 suspicious patients was tested for Toxoplasma IgG antibody with ELISA methods at Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention and their information of demographic characteristics,clinical symptoms,and epidemiological history was collected.Results Among 3 782 suspicious patients,the positive rate for Toxoplasma IgG antibody was 13.38％.The difference of the positive rate between male (14.16％) and female (12.33％) was not significant (x2=2.67,P＞0.05).The difference of the positive rate among different age groups was significant (x2=46.57,P＜0.01).The difference of the positive rate among the different ethnics was significant (x2=11.11,P＜0.05).Epilepsy,headache and fever which are the common clinical symptoms of toxoplasmosis were not specific clinical manifestation of the disease.The positive rate of the persons with the history of contacting pets (14.67％)was higher than the ones without the history (12.23％),the difference was significant (x2=6.41,P＜0.05).The positive rate of the persons with the history of eating raw meat(18.73％) was also higher than the ones without the history (12.35％),the difference was significant (x2=16.05,P＜0.01).Conclusions The causes of Toxoplasma infection are related to the life-style,diet habit,and living environment of the patients; it is critical to improve the hygiene and diet habit for reducing the opportunity of toxoplasm infection.%目的 对云南省昆明市疑似弓形虫病患者进行血清流行病学分析. 方法 应用ELISA法对2008-2012年在云南省疾病预防控制中心进行排查的昆明市3 782例弓形虫病疑似患者进行弓形虫IgG抗体检测,并收集相关的人口学特征、流行病学史和临床症状等信息. 结果 3 782例疑似弓形虫病患者中,弓形虫IgG抗体阳性率为13.38％.男性患者阳性率为14.16％、女性患者阳性率为12.33％,不同性别阳性率差异无统计学意义(x2=2.67,P＞0.05);不同年龄组阳性率差异有统计学意义(x2=46.57,P＜0.01);不同民族阳性率差异有统计学意义(=11.11,P＜0.05).癫痫、头痛和发热等3种弓形虫病常见症状是弓形虫病的非特异性症状.有宠物接触史患者的阳性率(14.67％)高于无宠物接触史患者的阳性率(12.23％),差异有统计学意义(x2=6.41,P＜0.05);有食生肉史患者的阳性率(18.73％)高于无食生肉史患者的阳性率(12.35％),差异有统计学意义(x2=16.05,P＜0.01). 结论 患者感染弓形虫的原因与其生活饮食习惯和居住环境相关,需要改善人群的卫生和饮食习惯,减少弓形虫感染的机会.