长角血蜱两性生殖株和孤雌生殖株幼蜱发育零点及有效积温的研究

摘要

Objective To determine the developmental zero and accumulated temperature of bisexual and parthenogenetic Haemaphysalis longicornis.Methods The engorged larval ticks of bisexual H.longicornis and parthenogenetic H.longicornis were cultured under different temperatures.The developmental duration and the accumulated temperature were studied.The developmental zero was obtained by using an estimation mode and the effective accumulated temperature was obtained by effective accumulated mode.Results The developmental zero of bisexual and parthenogenetic H.longicornis was 14.89 ℃ and 14.95 ℃,the average accumulated temperatures of bisexual and parthenogenetic H.longicornis were (265.08±99.37)(degree day,DD) and (306.90±176.24) DD respectively,and the effective accumulated temperatures were (101.44±147.66) DD and (116.51 ±116.79) DD respectively.Conclusion The developmental duration of Haemaphysalis longicornis shortened with the temperature increased,and the bisexual H.longicornis developed quicker than the parthenogenetic.The results can be considered as the basic biological parameters of the Haemaphysalislongicornis.%目的 研究长角血蜱两性生殖株和孤雌生殖株幼蜱在不同温度下的发育零点和有效积温.方法 将长角血蜱两性生殖株和孤雌生殖株饱血幼蜱置于不同温度的环境中,观察发育历期和积温,采用拟合模型方程求出两性株和孤雌株幼蜱发育的零点温度,计算幼蜱发育的有效积温. 结果 长角血蜱两性株和孤雌株的发育零点分别为14.89℃和14.95℃,平均积温分别为(265.08±99.37)日度和(306.90±176.24)日度,有效积温分别为(101.44±147.66)日度和(116.51±116.79)日度. 结论 长角血蜱饱血幼蜱的发育历期随温度升高而缩短,两性株比孤雌株发育快,研究结果可以作为长角血蜱生物学的基础理论参数之一.