目的：通过σ值和质量目标指数制定质量改进方案，根据测量不确定度的改变判断质量改进的效果，为有效地提高临床实验室质量水平提供可靠的实验室依据。方法分析血细胞分析项目的质量控制数据，计算σ值、质量目标指数（QGI）和测量不确定度，评价其分析性能，设计质量改进方案并运行一年，根据测量不确定度的改变来判断质量改进的效果。结果2012年血细胞分析检验项目的过程性能评价优秀率（σ值大于4σ）达62．5％，σ值大于6σ的项目达37．5％，有62．5％的项目需要改进；2013年较2012年有50％的项目测量不确定度有所改进，实验室质量水平得到提高。结论分析性能σ值、质量目标指数联合测量不确定度评估是一种提高效率与降低成本的良好管理方法。%Objective To establish quality improvement project through theσ value and quality goal index ,then determine the effect of quality improvement by comparing the changes of uncertainty ,provide the laboratory basis for the effective improving of the quality of clinical laboratory .Methods The quality control data of blood cell analysis items were analyzed ,and the σ values , quality goal index (GQI) and measurement uncertainty [u(Rw)] were calculated and the performance was estimated .The quality improvement project was designed and had run for one year .The effect of quality improvement project was determined according to u(Rw) changes .Results The excellent rate (σvalue >4σ) of process performance evaluation in 2012 was up to 62 .5% ,the items withσvalue>6σamounted to 37 .5% ,about 62 .5% of the items needed to be improved .Comparing the u(Rw) in 2013 with 2012 , the improvement rate was 50% .The laboratory quality had been improved .Conclusion The performance analysis of σvalue ,GQI combined uncertainty evaluation is a good management method to improve the efficiency and reduce the cost .
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