昆明某院2005~2013年葡萄球菌种类分布及耐甲氧西林菌株检出率

摘要

Objective To learn the species distribution characteristics and proportion occurrence of methicillin-resistant strains about Staphylococcus detected in the First People′s Hospital of Kunming.Methods The species distribution characteristics and proportion occurrence of methicillin-resistant strains were analyzed retrospectively from January 2005 to December 2013.Results A total of 3 561 Staphylococcus strains were detected in 9 years,included 21 species and subspecies,and another 12 strains were not i-dentified to species.2005-2013 species composition showed an increasing trend,there were five kinds of Staphylococcus in 2005, until 2013 reach to 13 kinds.Each year the main bacterial were Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Staphylococcus haemolyticus and staphylococcal hominis.Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus incidence decreased significantly since 201 1, decrease from 76.3% in 2010 to 25.6% in 2013.Staphylococcus epidermidis,Staphylococcus haemolyticus,Staphylococcal hominis and coagulase-negative Staphylococci resistant to high incidence of methicillin-resistant strains of the average,remained stable at a-round 70.0%.Conclusion The distribution characteristic of Staphylococcus in this hospital was increasingly complex year by year, the opportunity of infection caused by Staphylococcus was also increased,the detection rate of methicillin-resistant strains was high, it should be noted to use clinical drug rationally.%目的：了解该院葡萄球菌种类分布特征及耐甲氧西林菌株检出情况。方法回顾分析该院2005年1月至2013年12月从各种标本中检出的葡萄球菌的种类组成及耐甲氧西林菌株情况。结果9年共分离到葡萄球菌3561株,由21个种及亚种组成,另有13株未鉴定到种。2005~2013年菌种组成呈递增趋势,2005年由5种组成,至2013年达到12种。各年均以金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌和人型葡萄球菌为主。金黄色葡萄球菌耐甲氧西林菌株检出率自2011年出现明显下降,从2010年的76.3%降至2013年的25.6%。表皮葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、人型葡萄球菌耐甲氧西林菌株及凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌耐甲氧西林菌株平均检出率较高,在70.0%左右保持稳定,各年有波动性变化。结论该院葡萄球菌菌种分布逐年复杂,提示条件致病葡萄球菌引起感染的机会增多,耐甲西林菌株检出率较高,临床应注意合理用药。