青少年近视配戴角膜塑形镜对角膜表面曲率半径及前房深度的影响

摘要

目的:分析青少年近视患者配戴角膜塑形镜效果及对角膜前后表面曲率半径和前房深度的影响.方法:选择青少年近视患者120例,根据年龄分为11~14岁组58例116眼,15~18岁组62例124眼,均给予长期配戴角膜塑形镜治疗,观察两组患者戴镜前、戴镜6、12mo裸眼视力、平均屈光度改善情况、中央角膜厚度、角膜曲率变化情况及并发症发生率.结果:两组患者裸眼视力比较:戴镜12mo>戴镜6mo>戴镜前,平均屈光度比较:戴镜12mo>戴镜6mo>戴镜前,11~14岁组戴镜6、12mo裸眼视力、平均屈光度优于15~18岁组,差异有统计学意义(P戴镜6mo>戴镜前,但戴镜6、12mo,11~14岁组与15~18岁组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者角膜前表面曲率半径比较:戴镜12mo>戴镜6mo>戴镜前,11~14岁组戴镜6、12mo眼轴长度大于15~18岁组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者戴镜前、戴镜6、12mo各时间段及组间戴镜前后前房深度比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:配戴角膜塑形镜控制青少年近视具有显著效果,同时有助于改善角膜前表面曲率半径,尤其低年龄近视人群效果较佳,且对前房深度无明显影响.%AIM: To analyze the effect of myopic adolescents wearing orthokeratology lens on the corneal surface curvature radius and anterior chamber depth.METHODS: Totally 120 cases of adolescent myopia were selected, among them 58 cases with 116 eyes were divided into 11-14 years old group and 62 cases with 124 eyes were 15-18 years old group according to the age.They were treated with long-term orthokeratology lens treatment, and two groups of patients were observed before wearing lens(T0), wearing for 6mo (T1), 12mo (T2) for uncorrected visual acuity, the average refractive degree improvement, the central corneal thickness, corneal curvature changes and the incidence of complications.RESULTS: The uncorrected visual acuity of the two groups at 12mo after wearing were better than that at 6mo which was better than that before wearing;the diopter had the same trend.The uncorrected visual acuity and the diopter of the 11-14 years old group at 6 and 12mo was better than those of 15-18 years old group with significant difference (P0.05).The corneal anterior surface curvature of the two groups at 12mo after wearing were more than that at 6mo which was more than that before wearing.The axial length of the 11-14 years old group was longer than that of the 15-18 years old group with significant difference (P0.05).There was no significant difference on the anterior chamber depth between the two groups at different time or between before and after wearing (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Long-term wearing orthokeratology lenses have a significant effect for control ling juvenile myopia, and can improve the corneal anterior surface curvature, especially in the lower age group, and has no significant effect on the anterior chamber depth.