临床护士预防住院患者跌倒的现况调查及相关因素分析

摘要

目的 调查并分析临床护士在跌倒预防教育、患者环境安全、生活用具、医院内部管理、评估评价方面护理措施落实的现况,为制定临床护士预防住院患者跌倒的培训策略提供参考依据.方法 采用便利抽样的方法抽取兰州市某三甲医院的211名注册护士,采用住院患者跌倒预防之临床护士工作自评量表进行调查,并对调查结果进行分析.结果护士参与医院内部管理、与医生和患者及家属的沟通、对患者及其陪员的宣教、对患者安全的管理等方面得分低.不同工作年限、年龄、学历、职称、婚姻状况的护士对预防住院患者跌倒的自评得分比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中工作年限＞3年、年龄＞40岁、本科护士、高级职称者、未婚护士得分较高.多元线性回归分析显示,年龄、工作年限、学历、职称、婚姻状况是临床护士自评得分的影响因素(P＜0.05).结论 护理管理人员应积极鼓励护士参与医院事务管理,加强护理人员对患者及陪员健康教育意识和能力的培训,提高护士对患者安全管理的意识和实践执行能力.%Objective To investigate and analyze the current situations of the clinical nurses' implementation of nursing measures in the aspect of fall prevention education, patients environmental safety, living appliances, hospital internal management and evaluation, so as to provide reference basis for the further development of clinical nurses' training strategies for fall prevention of inpatients. Methods A total of 211 registered nurses from a three class hospital of Lanzhou city were selected by using convenience sampling method. The self-rating scale of clinical nurses' work for prevention of falls in hospitalized patients was used to investigate and analyze the results of the survey. Results According to the results of the survey, Nurses achieved relatively lower score in following factors such as participating in the hospital management, communication between doctor and patients family, health education for patients and their caregivers, safety management of patients. Nurses with working experience over 3 years, aged over 40 years, with bachelor degree, with a senior professional title and unmarried achieved higher scores than others in the survey(P ＜ 0. 05). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that age, working experience, education level, professional title, marital status were influential factors of self-rating on inpatient fall prevention (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion Nursing managers should encourage nurses to take part in hospital management, strengthen training on health awareness and ability of patients and their caregivers, and improve nurses' awareness and practical skills of patients' safety management.