甘油催化氢解制备丙二醇催化剂研究进展

摘要

简要概括了近些年生物柴油副产物甘油催化氢解制备丙二醇催化剂研究新进展,对甘油氢解分别采用贵金属催化体系和过渡金属催化体系的催化活性和选择性以及可能的机理进行了解释说明.采用贵金属Pt/WO3负载型催化剂、Req改性的Rh/SiO2、Ir/SiO2催化剂、贵金属催化体系中加入有机溶剂以及采用Cu-STA(硅钨酸)/SiO2的气相催化工艺等方式都能得到相对较多的1,3-丙二醇(收率最高为38％).高分散的纳米铜基催化剂对甘油氢解有着较高的活性、选择性和稳定性,具有工业应用前景.纳米钴催化剂具有特定的形态和良好的催化效果颇受关注.%The recent research progress in the catalytic hydrogenolysis of glycerol,which is the main byproduct of biodiesel,was briefly generalized.The catalytic activity and selectivity,as well as the proposed mechanisms of the noble metal catalyst and transition metal catalyst respectively used for glycerol hydrogenolysis,were summarized and illustrated.According to previous studies,a relatively large number of 1,3-propanediol (maximum yield up to 38％) could both be obtained by the technology that adding organic solvent into the catalytic systems,such as Pt/WO3 supported catalyst,ReOx-modified Rh/SiO2,and Ir/SiO2,as well as the vapor phase catalytic process with Cu-STA (silicotungstic acid)/SiO2 catalyst.Highly dispersed nano-sized Cu based catalyst had a higher activity,selectivity,and stability in the catalytic hydrogenolysis of glycerol to produce propanediol,which contributed a bright prospect in industrial production,and nano-sized Co based catalyst had drawn much attention due to a specific morphology and good catalytic effect.