The relative soil moisture data observed by automatic soil moisture observation instrument of GStarDZN2 type were compared with the meteorological observation data and the drought conditions were objective analysis from 2012 to 2015 on Ewenki grassland. The results showed soil moisture from 0 to 30 cm in late June to mid July had a greater impact on the growth of natural grassland and the minimum relative soil moisture had a significant correlation with herbage yield. The average minimum relative soil moisture increase (decrease) by 1 percent,the herbage yield increase(decrease)by 10.4 g/m2. Automatic soil moisture observation instrument of GStarDZN2 type could express the drought conditions more accurately.%运用GStarDZN2型自动土壤水分观测仪观测到的土壤相对湿度数据和气象观测资料对比，对2012—2015年在鄂温克草原发生的干旱状况做了客观分析。分析结果表明：6月下旬至7月中旬0～30 cm土壤水分对天然草场牧草生长影响较大，最低土壤相对湿度与牧草产量有显著相关性，7月0～30 cm平均土壤最低相对湿度每增（减）1%，牧草产量将增（减）10.4 g/m2，GStarDZN2型自动土壤水分观测仪能够较准确表达出干旱状况。
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