With the development of Big Data industry and the improvement of government data governance capabilities, the government's demand for electronic data is growing rapidly. In this regard, this paper focuses on the analysis of the U.S. law and practices on government obtain the electronic data of market. And on the base of the analysis, the paper concludes the corresponding top-level system design, legal procedure requirements, electronic data content and the legal responsibility. Through the study, we can also find that the U.S. government agencies to obtain electronic data, has the power of legal, due process, the sacred private rights and other legal sources. These basic ideas and the legal practice, to our country current network law enforcement and even the electronic evidence legislation have the certain reference significance.%随着大数据产业发展和政府数据治理能力的提升,政府获取电子数据的需求正在不断增长.对此,本文重点分析美国政府获取市场主体电子数据的法律与实践,分析美国政府获取市场主体数据的顶层制度设计、程序法律要求、电子数据内容及相应的法律责任.通过研究,我们也能发现美国政府机构获取电子数据的权力法定、正当程序、神圣私权等法源.这些基本理念与法律实践,对我国当前网络执法乃至电子证据立法均有一定借鉴意义.
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