肺炎支原体感染实验室诊断的研究进展

摘要

肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma pneumoniae,MP)是儿童社区获得性肺炎的重要病原之一.多数MP感染引起的临床症状较轻,具有自限性,但也有导致重症肺炎或肺外并发症的可能.近几年MP耐药率逐年上升,早期、快速诊断MP感染对疾病的治疗和预后相当重要.目前诊断MP感染的方法主要有分离培养、血清学诊断和分子生物学诊断.本文对近几年国内外实验室诊断MP感染技术的研究进展及各种诊断方法的优缺点作一综述.%Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. Although the clinical syndromes of most cases are mild and self-limited, MP infections can also result in refractory MP or extrapulmonary complications. And with the increase of MP drug-resistance rate, early and fast diagnosis of MP infection is quite important to the treatment and prognosis of this disease. At present, the main diagnostic methods to MP infection are isolated culture, serology diagnosis and molecular biological diagnosis. Research progress on diagnostic techniques for MP infection and the advantages and disadvantages of each diagnostic method in domestic and foreign laboratories in recent years are reviewed in this article.