价格需求函数的供应链合作动力对比分析

摘要

The existence of the“double marginalization effect” disenables the wholesale price contract to coordinate the supply chain, resulting in the formation of supply chain′s collaborative motivation.A dis-cussion is conducted on whether the differences among price-dependent demand functions can lead to dif-ferent levels of collaborative motivation.By building a two-echelon supply chain system of five typical price-dependent demand functions under the wholesale price contract, it is found that generally the supply chain efficiency is between 73.5%~83%, but different price-dependent demand functions may result in significant differences in collaborative motivation.In exceptional circumstances, the supply chain efficien-cy is close to 100% or 0.Because of the coordination costs, it is important to choose the collaborative ways to distinguish the types of price-dependent demand function.%“双边际效应”的存在使得批发价契约不能协调供应链，进而形成供应链合作的动力。本文研究了这种合作动力是否会因价格需求函数种类的不同而形成差异的问题。通过构筑批发价契约下5种经典价格需求函数的二级供应链系统发现：虽然大多数情景下供应链效率在73．5％～86％，但价格需求函数的差异对供应链合作动力会造成显著差异。在特殊情况下，供应链效率可以趋于100％或0。由于协调成本的存在，所以区分价格需求函数种类，对供应链企业间合作方式的采取具有重要意义。