不确定环境下应急设施选址问题两阶段鲁棒优化模型

摘要

For emergency logistics management,decision making of supply distribution facility location is important. According to the uncertainties in emergencies,a two-stage robust optimization model for emer-gency facility location problems to achieve coordination between“pre-location”and“re-location”is pro-posed. In the first stage when demand,cost and facility disruption is uncertain,in the consideration of dif-ferent needs of pre-disaster planning,post-disaster response and facility re-location,a robust“pre-loca-tion”model is presented based on p-center model. In the second stage,with the acquisition of post-disas-ter information,a“re-location”model for building new facilities is presented based on reactive repairing and adjustment for previous strategies. A numerical study shows the model is more effective than traditional p-center model for emergency facility location.%对于应急物流管理而言，应急物资集散中心选址是一个重要的决策要素。针对应急突发事件的不确定性特征，本文提出了一个应急设施选址问题两阶段鲁棒优化模型，以实现“预选址—重选址”两者的协同优化。第一阶段在需求和成本变动、设施损毁存在不确定因素的情况下，综合考虑选址策略在灾前规划、灾后反应、设施重建阶段的不同需求，建立了一种基于p-center的鲁棒“预选址”模型；第二阶段针对灾后新信息的获得，建立了一种基于反应式修复和调整策略的新建设施“重选址”模型。算例分析表明，本文模型对于应急设施选址问题比传统p-center模型更为合理有效。