铜溶剂萃取过程中降解产物对羟肟萃取剂性能的影响

摘要

The effects of degradation products of hydroxime extractants in copper extraction on its extraction performance were researched.And the changes of extraction ability of degradated extractant were illustrated combining with the actual production data.The results show that the degradation products such aldehyde,ketone and surface active substance can change the extraction and stripping equilibrium,and decrease the extraction ability to increase the copper content in raffinate;extraction ability decreases along with increasing of aldehyde and ketone content;the surface active substance produced by degrading of hydroxime extractant will greatly reduce the phase separation velocity and increase the entrainment rate of water phase in organic phase.In addition,the surface active substance can deteriorate extraction index and accelerate the organic phase degradation.%研究了铜工业普遍使用的羟肟萃取剂的降解产物对其性能的影响,并结合实际说明萃取剂降解后萃取指标的变化情况,还提出了消除降解产物不利影响的方法.结果表明:羟肟类萃取剂降解产生的醛和酮等产物均会改变萃取平衡与反萃取平衡,使萃取能力下降,萃余液铜含量上升,有机相中降解产物含量越多,萃取能力下降越明显;降解产物(尤其是其中的表面活性物质)会降低分相速度,使有机相夹带的水相增加,恶化萃取指标,并能加速有机相的降解.