四爪陆龟保护研究现状与对策

摘要

四爪陆龟（Testudo horsfieldii）栖居于半荒漠草原地带，属国家Ⅰ级重点保护物种，IUCN将其列为易危（VU）等级。目前仅分布于新疆霍城县天山支脉阿克拉斯山山前四爪陆龟自然保护区范围内。由于农牧业活动加剧和偷猎捕杀，四爪陆龟种群数量锐减，分布区范围日益缩小。为加强该物种的保护与管理，国内外学者开展了大量的研究工作。本文通过对四爪陆龟保护研究现状及胁迫因子分析，探讨生物多样性保护的有效途径与对策，为今后更好地对四爪陆龟进行保护提供科学依据。%Central Asian Tortoise (Testudo horsfieldii) is inhabiting in the semi-desert grasslands areas,ranked as a grade Ⅰ key protected wildlife species in China and defined as Vulnerable (VU)in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.Central asian tortoiseis endemic to Huocheng Central asian tortoise National Nature Reserve,Xinjiang Uygur Au-tonomous Region.During the last several decades,the distribution area and number of Central Asian Tortoise have de-clined drastically,and this species has disappeared in many parts of its former vast natural habitat due to the land-use changes,negative impact of land privatization,over-hunting and poaching.Scientists from different countries have con-ducted numerous researches and published a lot of papers devoted to Central Asian Tortoise’s distribution,population number,diet,habitat selection,reproduction ecology and behavior.The present paper briefly reviews the current status of Central Asian Tortoise (Testudo horsfieldii) conservation and researches,analyzes the main threats,and introduces the achievements obtained in conservation and researches in China.Protection countermeasures for this endangered species have been given in this paper.