龙葵醇提物对水稻与大麻的安全性评价

摘要

为了探究龙葵醇提物作为植物源除草活性物质的应用前景,通过温室营养液培养法对水稻和工业大麻的安全性进行了测定.结果表明:低浓度(1 g/L)龙葵提取液对大麻种子的抑制作用不明显,而对水稻种子萌发的影响较大,萌发抑制率最高可达81.67％;水稻幼苗在4～8 g/L浓度范围内,其根长和鲜重的化感作用敏感度大于茎长,大麻幼苗在2～4 g/L浓度范围内,其鲜重和茎长的化感作用敏感度大于根长;龙葵提取物对水稻种子的化感抑制作用强于大麻,而对水稻幼苗的抑制作用弱于大麻.因此,在大麻生产中,龙葵提取物适合开发成土壤封闭型除草剂;而在水稻生产中,龙葵提取物适合开发成茎叶处理型除草剂.%In order to explore Solanum nigrum extract as a herbicidal substance, the safety of Oryza sativa and Cannabis sativa were tested under greenhouse conditions. The results indicated that the inhibition of S. nigrum extract was not notable for C. sativa seed at the concentration (1 g/L), but notable for O. sativa with the highest germination inhibition rate 81.67％. From 4 g/L to 8 g/L, allelopathic effect on O. sativa seedling root and fresh weight was better than stem. From 2 g/L to 4 g/L, allelopathic effect on C. sativa seedling fresh weight and stem was better than root. Allelopathic effect on O. sativa seed is better than C. sativa seed, but allelopathic effect on C. sativa seedling was better than O. sativa seedling. Therefore, it is suitable to develop soil finishing agent in the production of Cannabis sativa, but stem and leaf treatment agent in the production of Oryza sativa.