利用铜仁市10个气象站地面气象观测资料和部分土壤湿度监测数据,采用两种单项指标方法对2009年7月至2010年2月发生在该地区极为罕见的特大旱灾进行了评估和分析.结果表明,这次干旱影响范围和干旱强度均突破了该地区气象历史纪录,其中该地区夏季气象干旱程度大部评估为中度等级,局地达重度干旱;该地区秋季气象干旱程度东部达到中度到重旱等级,西部仅为轻旱,东部秋旱明显重于西部;冬季干旱最重,达到特重干旱等级,主要受前期夏秋连旱的持续叠加影响和高温累积.该地区西部典型的喀斯特地形地貌特征是农业干旱等级偏高、灾情远远大于东部的主要原因.%Based on the meteorological observation data and soil moisture monitoring data from 10 meteorological stations ground in Tongren city, the extremely rare and serious drought occurred in this region form July 2009 to February 2010 were evaluated and analyzed using two single index method. The results showed that the impact of drought and drought intensity both broke the meteorological record in this region. The levels of most summer meteorological drought areas were moderate grade and some areas were heavy grade. The degree of the east in the autumn meteorological drought area was moderate or heavy drought grade, while that of the west was only light drought grade. The winter drought was most severe in this drought and reached extra heavy grade, which mainly was induced by previous summer and autumn drought and the high temperature accumulation. The main reason why the drought grade in the west was higher than that in the east was the west was typical Western Karst topography.
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