洪湖分蓄洪区防洪大堤草坪杂草多样性分析

摘要

对洪湖分蓄洪区防洪大堤杂草种类、优势种、多样性、地上生物量及其季节动态进行了调查.结果表明,大堤全年杂草共计发生81种,隶属29科.杂草多样性指数呈现出从春季至冬季递减的变化规律.春季杂草优势种为附地菜、破铜钱等；夏季杂草优势种为铁苋菜、马唐等；秋季杂草优势种为铁苋菜、酢浆草等；冬季杂草优势种为酢浆草和簇生卷耳.杂草与草坪草地上生物量均在夏季达到高峰,与草坪草相比,杂草地上生物量在春、夏季明显较多,秋、冬季则明显较少.%The species diversity,dominant species,above ground biomass of weeds and their seasonal dynamics on the slopes of levees in Honghu flood diversion and storage area were studied.The results showed that a total of 81 species belonging to 29 families were found all the year round.The species diversity index was obvious decreased by degree from spring to winter.The dominant species from spring to winter were Trigonotis peduncularis,Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides; Acalypha australis,Digitaria sanguinalis; A.australis,Oxalis corniculata; O.corniculation cerastium caespitosum Gilib.respectively.Weeds and turf grass biomass had a growth summit in summer.Compared with turf grasses,the aboveground biomass of weeds were higher in spring and summer,but lower in autumn and winter significantly.