丛枝菌根真菌对改善植物磷素营养机制的研究进展

摘要

丛枝菌根（Arbuscular mycorrhizal，AM)真菌广泛分布于各陆地生态系统，可与绝大多数高等植物互惠共生。大量研究已经广泛证实，AM真菌可以改善宿主植物营养状况，尤其是磷素营养。AM真菌能够促进植物对土壤磷的吸收，但同时菌根效应受土壤磷状况和植物磷素营养状况等因素的影响。总结了AM真菌对土壤磷吸收转运机制，AM真菌改善植物磷营养的机理，以及土壤磷水平和磷形态对菌根效应的影响，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。%Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are widely distributed in the terrestrial ecosystem, and form mutualistic sym-biosis with the majority of higher plants. It has been widely confirmed that, AM fungi can improve the nutritional status of the host plants, especially the phosphorus nutrition. AM fungi promote phosphorus uptake by plant from soil, but mycorrhizal effects vary with environmental conditions such as phosphorus status in both soil and plants. This treatise summarizes the mechanisms underlying soil phosphorus uptake and transport mediated by AM fungi, the mechanisms by which AM fungi im-prove the phosphorus nutritional status of plants, and the effects of phosphorus levels and forms in soil on mycorrhizal effect. Future prospects are also discussed.