FMEA与RCA在放射科风险管理中的应用

摘要

Objective To explore the application of FMEA and RCA in the risk management of DR radiation in radiology department. Method Made corresponding improvement scheme after analyzing the causes for the DR radiation risks by means of failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) and root cause analysis (RCA), and analyzed and compared the DR radiation priority value (RPN) and the incidence of failed images about before and after conducting the improvement scheme. Result The incidence of DR failed images was 0.91%and 0.28%respectively before and after using FMEA and RCA. The incidence of DR failed images after the implementation of improvement scheme was significantly lower than before with statistical difference (P<0.05). After using FMEA and RCA, the priority value of DR risk was obviously lower than before with statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusion Through using FMEA and RCA in the general management of DR radiation risk in radiology department, it was found that it could reduce the priority value of DR risk and the incidence of failed images effectively, which greatly improved the safety of the subjects.%目的探讨失效模式与效应分析法（FMEA）与根原因分析法（RCA）在放射科DR风险管理中的应用。方法通过利用FMEA及RCA对放射科数字化X线摄影（DR）辐射存在的风险原因进行分析，根据原因制定针对性整改方案，对实施整改方案前后的DR辐射风险优先顺序值（RPN）以及废弃影像发生率进行比较分析。结果实施FMEA与RCA之前，DR废弃影像发生率为0.91%，实施后DR废弃影像发生率为0.28%，整改后DR废弃影像发生率明显降低，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。整改后DR风险优先值也明显降低，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论通过应用FMEA与RCA对放射科DR辐射风险进行综合管理，能够有效降低DR风险优先值以及废弃影像发生率，极大地提高了受试者的安全。