目的分析住院患者发生跌倒的原因及特点，探讨如何预防跌倒事件的发生。方法对20例跌倒的患者进行回顾性分析，分析跌倒发生的原因。结果发生跌倒的患者平均年龄72.5岁，年龄≥65岁的占80%；男性患者占60%，女性患者占40%；在卫生间或卫生间门口跌倒的占35%；发生跌倒的患者原发病前三位为肾功能衰竭尿毒症期、脑梗塞、晚期肿瘤；患者跌倒时陪护不到位达100%；易发生跌倒的时间为2：00-6：00和16：00-18：00两个时段，患者跌倒前行为40%是想上厕所。患者跌倒的主要原因与护士缺乏对夜间跌倒注意事项及对患者有针对性、个性化的预防跌倒措施宣教有关，也与跌倒高危患者对自身体能评估不足、陪护安全意识不强、防护措施不完善等有关。结论加强护士对患者夜间跌倒事件的预防培训，让患者及陪护重视预防跌倒的重要性，加强个性化健康教育，加强陪护管理，从而预防跌倒事件的发生。%Objective To analyze causes and characteristics of tumbles of inpatients to explore how to prevent the occurrence. Method Retrospective analysis was conducted to 20 patients who fell in hospital to find out the cause. Result The average age of patients who have tumbled is 72.5, with patients aged≥65 years accounted for 80%. Male patients accounted for 60%while female 40%. Tumbles in the bathroom or at the door of bathroom accounted for 35%. The first three disease of patient who fell were renal failure uremia period, cerebral infarction, advanced tumor. In all 20 cases, escort did not reach the designated position. Most cases occurred during 2:00-6:00 and 16:00-18:00. 40%of patients want to go to the bathroom before the falls. The main reasons include the lack of education on dos and don'ts of tumble at night and targeted and individualized education about prevention, inadequate physical self-evaluation of patients at high risk, lack of safety consciousness among accompanying person, imperfect protective measures and so on. Conclusion Strengthening the training of tumble prevention in the night that will make patients and accompanying person will attaches great importance to the implementation of prevention measures and the implementation of individualized health education are in need to prevent the occurrence.
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