目的：了解妇女重大疾病预防保健现状，分析影响妇女重大疾病预防保健因素，为预防妇女重大疾病、促进妇女健康提出建议。方法选取2013年3—4月在西安某三级甲等医院住院的352名女性生殖系统癌症及乳腺癌症患者为调查对象，应答327名妇女，采用问卷调查、电话随访形式进行调查。将问卷调查结果所得数据按疾病检出途径、城乡等进行分组，并进行统计学分析。结果327名妇女癌症住院患者仅有27．21％是健康体检途径查出疾病的。35～65岁是妇女重大疾病的高发年龄。城乡妇女的文化水平和家庭人均月收入均有显著差异，农村妇女进行妇女健康体检的比率低于城市妇女，对妇女健康体检的认知也比城市妇女差。城乡妇女参加医疗保险的比率很高，但是覆盖妇女健康体检报销的比较少。讨论与建议加强妇女重大疾病预防保健的宣传力度，提高宣传效益；强化和完善基层卫生机构职能作用，以“考评”促预防保健工作的落实；深化基本医疗保险服务改革，建立妇女重大疾病预防保健机制、完善妇女健康体检制度、调整医疗保险服务包，将保险费用适度向预防和早期治疗投入。%Objective To understand the status quo of women ’s serious disease prevention and health care , analysis of factors affecting women ’s serious disease prevention and health care , and to give advice for women health promoting.Methods Selecting 352 patients with gynecological cancer and breast cancer in a first -class hospital in xi’an as investigation objects , in the form of questionnaire survey and telephone follow -up investigation.Results Only 27.21% of 327 women cancer inpatients find out the disease through healthy check -up way.The age of 35 -65 is high risk for women.The cultural level and family per capita income of urban and rural women all have signifi -cant difference, the ratio of rural women in the women’s health check -up is lower than the urban women , and the cognition of the women’s health check -up to urban women is poor.The ratio of urban and rural women to participate in health care is very high, but less coverage of women’s health check -up expenses.Conclusion To enhance the publicity on major disease prevention and health care of women , improve the efficiency of the propaganda ; To strengthen and perfect the functions of grassroots health institutions and to rely on appraisal to promote the implemen -tation of the work of prevention health care ; We will deepen reform of the basic medical insurance service .
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