The paper summarizes significant meaning and urgency for lightweight design of cranes through analysis of crane lightweight trend at home and abroad, research of dead load on domestic cranes, and understanding of energy-saving policy for special equipment; introduces several typical methods for crane lightweight design, relevant studies and application progress; presents problems in the lightweight design of domestic cranes from aspects of design theory, design method, materials, structure, mechanism, electrical system and policy, etc. , with effective route and sincere suggestions conforming with national standards put forward. It provides experience guidance to lightweight design and energy conservation of domestic cranes, as well as beneficial references for departments concerned to develop energy-saving policies for cranes.%通过对国内外起重机轻量化趋势的分析和我国起重机自重的研究,以及特种设备节能政策的解读,总结了起重机轻量化设计的重要意义和紧迫性.介绍了起重机轻量化设计的几种典型方法、相关研究及其应用进展,从设计理念、设计方法、材料、结构、机构、电气系统、政策等方面阐述了我国起重机轻量化设计存在的困难,并提出了符合国情的有效途径和诚恳的建议.为我国起重机轻量化设计和节能提供了经验指导,为相关部门制定起重机节能政策提供了有益的参考.
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