起重机械金属结构振动与故障诊断的研究

摘要

With the application such as the structural safety test for bridges and high-rise buildings and vibration fault analysis for rotating machinery,the vibration test technology has formed a complete system,including test principle and methods,processing and collecting of feature signals,fault diagnosis,and status identification.In terms of safety evaluation and estimation of in-service crane metal structure,through plenty of site vibration test data and results,it's found that the fatigue failure of metal structure is closely related to the vibration response.Therefore,the paper discusses feasibility of safety evaluation for metal structure of in-service hoisting machinery with the theory of vibration research and fault Diagno-sis,and also puts forward that mechanism research on vibration failure and vibration fault diagnosis are problems requiring urgent solutions currently.%在桥梁、高层建筑的结构安全测试和旋转机械的振动故障分析等应用中，振动测试技术已形成了一套完整的体系，该体系包括测试原理及方法、特征信号的处理与提取、故障诊断和状态识别。在起重机械金属结构服役安全评估与评价方面，结合大量的现场振动测试数据结果发现，金属结构的疲劳失效与结构的振动响应密切相关，故此对将振动研究与故障诊断应用于起重机械金属结构服役安全评估上的可行性展开了探讨，并提出振动失效机理研究、振动故障诊断是目前急需要解决的难题。