基于Ansys的桥式起重机结构设计与验证

摘要

In view of reliability,feasibility,and other problems of the finite element calculation for crane metal struc-ture,with the 20t-31.5m bias-rail bridge crane as an example,the parametric model is developed for the crane metal struc-ture based on parametric design language APDL platform in Ansys.Numerical simulation is performed at mid-span of the main girder and extreme positions with the lifting loads of different tonnage,to take the deflection and stress and strain val-ues respectively.The theodolite is then used to measure the girder deflection of the corresponding crane.The double-way in-tegrated strain gauge and statistical strain indicator are used to measure the stress and strain respectively,which are com-pared with the finite element calculation results,showing that the error is within about 10%.The data provides strong basis for precision of finite element calculation regarding structural optimization of the bridge crane.%针对起重机金属结构在设计时有限元计算的可靠度及可行性等问题，以20 t～31.5 m偏轨桥式起重机为例，基于Ansys的参数化设计语言APDL平台对起重机金属结构进行参数化建模，采用几个吨位的起升载荷分别位于主梁跨中和极限位置进行数值模拟，分别提取了挠度和应力应变数值，继而对相应的起重机采用经纬仪测量主梁挠度，采用双向集成应变片及静态应变仪测量设备测量应力和应变，并与有限元计算结果对比，得出误差在10％左右。该数据为以后的有限元计算在桥式起重机结构优化等问题上应用的准确性提供了依据。