横置液压缸式转向机构优化设计与性能研究

摘要

A forklift steering mechanism with a balanced double-acting hydraulic cylinder is optimized with an optimal algorithm OPTDES-SQP integrated within ADAMS .The maximum steering angle error is adopted as a constraint , and the goal aimed to minimize the maximum force on piston rod of hydraulic cylinder is achieved .The relations among the maxi-mum force on piston rod of hydraulic cylinder , the maximum steering angle and the maximum steering angle error which are performed by optimized steering mechanism are studied with Monte Carlo method .The results show: the goal to minimize the maximum force can be achieved by using OPTDES-SQP algorithm integrated in ADAMS , but this algorithm has certain limitations since some optimized results produced by optimized mechanisms do not meet the constraint ;the maximum steer-ing angle and the maximum force on piston rod , as well as the maximum steering angle error and the maximum force are negative correlated , however the maximum steering angle and the maximum steering angle error are positive correlated .%为使叉车横置液压缸式转向机构转向时的功率最小,以液压缸推拉力最大值最小为优化目标,以最大转角误差为约束条件,采用ADAMS内置优化算法OPTDES-SQP进行优化设计,优化过程中设计变量设置三组初始参数且约束条件多次取值,最后对比优化结果;采用蒙特卡洛法研究了优化后转向机构的最大转角、最大转角误差和液压缸最大推拉力等参数的相关性.研究结果表明:ADAMS内置优化算法能够实现转向功率减小的目的,但存在局限性,优化过程中出现了部分优化结果不满足约束条件的情况;约束条件多次取值并对转向机构进行优化,优化后转向机构间的最大转角与最大转角误差呈正相关关系,最大转角与液压缸最大推拉力呈负相关关系,最大转角误差与液压缸最大推拉力呈负相关关系.