At present,the settlement monitoring of railway subgrade relies mainly on the traditional manual method to the field observation that takes time and energy but still can not eliminate errors in measurement.For the existing railways, the monitoring relying on manpower and track inspection vehicle during the skylight time can't guarantee the accuracy and effectiveness of the result.With the development of high-speed railway and the improvement of the importance of safe operation,a new technology that shall be automatic,real-time,passive,high precision,low cost and easy to use and realized is urgent for the subgrade settlement monitoring.According to the current situations,a new railway subgrade set-tlement monitoring system with optical fiber coding has been developed and designed and is applied for the railway sub-grade of passenger dedicated line.The monitoring system can realize the real-time,remote and automatic monitoring of large-area subgrade settlement by transmission optical cable and monitoring terminal and has a wide prospect in the ap-plication of on-line monitoring of subgrade state.%目前铁路路基沉降监测主要依靠人工定期到现场进行观测的传统方式，费时费力、测量误差较大；对既有铁路依靠人工和轨道巡检车在天窗时间的监测，无法保证监测的准确性和时效性。随着我国高速铁路的建设和发展，以及对安全运行重视程度的不断提高，亟需一种自动、实时、无源、高精度、造价低廉、方法简单、易于实现的新型路基沉降监测技术。针对此现状，开发设计了光纤编码型铁路路基沉降监测系统，并在客运专线铁路路基中实际应用。该监测系统可通过传输光缆及监测终端，实现大面积路基沉降的实时、远程、自动监测，对路基状态长期在线监测方面的应用前景广阔。
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