精神疾病治疗进展(三):失眠

摘要

Insomnia is the most common type of sleep disorder in the clinic. Long-term insomnia seriously affects people's work and life, and the incidence of insomnia is increasing year by year.In order to provide reference for the clinic, this paper summarizes the current advances in the treatment of insomnia, including pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacotherapy. Non-pharmacotherapy includes cognitive behavioral therapy and physical therapy. Pharmacotherapy includes benzodiazepine receptor agonists, including benzodiazepine and non-benzodiazepine hypnotics, melatonin and melatonin receptor agonists, antidepressant drugs with sedative effects, antipsychotic drugs, antihistamines that have central inhibitory effects, Chinese medicine.%失眠是临床最常见的睡眠障碍类型,长期失眠可严重影响工作和生活,目前失眠的发病率呈逐年上升的趋势.该文总结失眠的治疗进展,包括非药物治疗和药物治疗,非药物治疗主要包括失眠认知行为治疗和物理治疗?药物治疗主要包括苯二氮类受体激动剂(苯二氮类和非苯二氮类)、褪黑素及褪黑素受体激动剂、具有镇静作用的抗抑郁症药物、某些抗精神病药、有中枢抑制作用的抗组胺药物、中药等,以期为临床应用提供借鉴.