We prepare silica nanoparticles by sol-gel and directly disperse fumed silica nanoparticles in the resin by the mechanical blending method to prepare nanocomposite coatings. We observe the dispersion of SiO2 nanoparticles in the paint under the SEM and characterize the coating's optical performance and mechanical performance. The result shows that the silica by sol-gel dispersed in paint performes better than the fumed silica, and also with better optical properties of the UV-cured coatings,such as transmittance and haze. But due to larger specific surface area of fumed silica, it can bind with the resin stronger than silica prepared by sol-gel. So the coating with fumed silica has better mechanical properties,such as hardness, scratch resistance and impact resistance.%采用溶胶凝胶法制备SiO2纳米颗粒和机械共混法直接将气相法SiO2纳米颗粒分散在树脂中,然后通过紫外光固化制备纳米复合涂层.采用SEM观察SiO2在涂料的分散状态,并对涂层的光学性能和机械性能进行了测试表征.结果表明,采用溶胶凝胶法制备的SiO2在涂层中分散较好,制备的涂层透光性、雾度等光学性能较好；采用机械共混法分散气相SiO2制备的涂层SiO2团聚较多,透光性差,但由于气相法SiO2具有较大的比表面积,与树脂的结合性能较好,故其硬度、耐刮擦、耐冲击等力学性能较好.
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