经尿道输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术后常见并发症原因及护理方法选择

摘要

Objective To analyze the complications causes and nursing methods selection of pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy under tran-surethral ureteroscopy.Methods Selecting 180 cases taking pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy under transurethral ureteroscopy from March, 2012 to January, 2013, analyzing the complications causes of 63 cases, and selecting proper nursing method.Results In 180 cases with pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy, 63 patients had complications, and the incidence was 35.0%.And among these patients, the incidence of hematuria 69.84%was significantly higher than that of urine extravasation, fever, waist ache, ureteral rupture, and incidence of mucosa damage, which were 7.94%, 9.52%, 9.52%, 1.59%and 1.59%, respectively.Through comparing them, the difference was statistical-ly significant (P<0.05).In the treatment of pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy under transurethral ureteroscopy, after surgery complications, complications due to operation experience was significantly higher than equipment quality and other reasons, and the difference was statisti-cally significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Reducing the complications of pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy under transurethral ureteroscopy af-ter surgery lies the ensuring of the quality of equipment and the thread guidance under ureter mirror into the mirror, and it also needs medi-cal staff skillful operation.%目的：分析并探讨经尿道在输尿管镜下行气压弹道碎石手术后出现并发症的原因与护理方法。方法选取我院在2012－03～2013－01间收治的180例采取经尿道在输尿管镜下行气压弹道碎石治疗患者，对其中出现并发症的63例患者原因进行分析，并选取合适的护理方法。结果在180例进行气压弹道碎石的患者中，有并发症出现患者为63例，其发生率是35．0％，出现并发症的患者中，血尿发生率（69．84％）显著高于尿外渗、发热、腰疼、输尿管断裂以及输尿管黏膜损伤发生率，各为7．94％、9．52％、9．52％、1．59％和1．59％，对其进行比较，差异具有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。在输尿管的镜下行气压弹道碎石进行治疗，在手术后由于操作经验导致并发症发生率显著高于器械质量等其他原因造成并发症发生率，差异具有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论降低经尿道在输尿管镜下行气压弹道碎石在手术后出现并发症在于确保设备质量并经导丝引导在输尿管镜下可进镜，同时需要医护人员熟练的操作。