Objective To analyze causes of comlications after pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy by transurethral ureteroscopic and discuss issues associated with postoperative nursing. Methods 196 cases of patients with pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy by transurethral ureteroscopic in our hospital from June 2011 to June 2013 were selected, causes of postoperative complications of 69 patients were observed and analyzed, and carried out correlative strategy. Results In 196 patients, complications had occured in 69 patients, with incidence of 35.20%, among which incidence of hematourine (70.00%) were significantly higher than fever extravasation of urine, back pain, ureter perforation, urethral rupture and serious mucosal injury were 10.14%, 7.25%, 10.14%, 0.00%, 1.45%respectively, with statistical significance(P<0.05). Inclidence of comlications caused by operational experience after pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy by transurethral ureteroscopic was significantly higher than instrument merits, patients choice,and any other causes,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Conclusion The key to reduce complications after pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy by transurethral ureteroscopic is to ensure the quality of armamentarium, medical workers can make transurethral ureteroscopic inside guiding by tutor, and the operator must be skillful.%目的：对输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石并发症原因进行分析并探讨术后护理的相关事宜。方法选取本院2011年6月~2013年6月两年间的196例行输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术的患者，观察分析其中69例术后出现并发症的原因，并提出应对措施。结果196例患者中有69例出现并发症，并发症发生率为35.20%。其中血尿的发生率(70.00%)明显高于发热、尿外渗、腰疼、输尿管断裂、输尿管黏膜受损的发生率10.14%、7.25%、10.14%、0.00%、1.45%，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术后因操作经验引起并发症的发生率明显高于器械优劣、患者选择、其他原因引起的发生率，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论减少尿道输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术后常见并发症的关键是，保证医疗设备的质量、在导丝引导下输尿管镜能够直视进镜，并要求操作者技术娴熟。
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