目的:分析三峡库区小儿烧烫伤的流行病学特征,为该地区小儿烧烫伤的预防提供依据.方法:采用回顾性分析的方法,对我院烧伤科2000年1月至2010年12月收治的704例12岁以下小儿烧烫伤住院患者的年龄、性别、烧烫伤原因、发生场所、季节、患儿家庭状况、烧烫伤部位、烧烫伤严重度、急救情况、并发症、住院日数及转归等进行统计分析.结果:小儿烧烫伤以1-3岁年龄段发病率最高,占小儿烧伤总数的70.74％；男:女为1.46∶1；致伤原因以热液烫伤最为多见,共663例(94.18％)；发生场所大多为家庭生活烫伤,占95.03％:四季均有发生,但夏秋两季(5-10月)发生率相对较高；多发生于经济条件差、文化程度低的家庭；常为多部位的烧烫伤,其中以四肢部的烧烫伤最为多见,共305例(43.32％)；严重程度以中度烧伤为多见,共387例(54.97％)；入院前大多未经过处理或未进行正规处理；院前并发症以创面感染较为多见.结论:分析研究三峡库区小儿烧烫伤的流行病学特征,可为减少该地区小儿烧烫伤的发生提供重要的信息.%Objective: To analyze the characteristics of epidemiology of pediatric bums in reservoir area of Sanxia, and provide a basis for the prevention. Method: We retrospectively analyzed the age, sex, burns causes, places, seasons, suffering child family status, burn area, burn severity, first aid, complications, hospital stay and vesting of the 704 children under the age of 12 years with burn and scald from Jan. 2000 to Dec. 2010 in our hospital. Result: The children of 1 to 3 years old had the highest incidence, and accounting for 70.74% of the total number; the ratio of male and female was 1.46; 1; the main cause of injury was hydrothermal burns and the total number was 663 cases (94.18% ) ; the burned areas occurred mostly family, accounting for 95.03% ; occurred in all seasons, but summer and fall (5 to 10 months) had relative higher incidence; mostly occurred in the poor economic conditions and low educational level of the family; often burns and scald of most parts of the body and the four limbs were the most common burns, the total number was 305 cases (43.32% ); 387 cases (54.97% ) had moderate burn severity; most were not treated before admission or for regular treatment; the common pre-hospital complication was wound infection. Conclusion : Analyzing epidemiological characteristics of pediatric burns and scald in reservoir area of Sanxia can provide important information for reducing the incidence of burns in children in the region.
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