机床主轴径向回转误差的测量与研究

摘要

The spindle rotation error is seriously limited the working precision of machine tool,in this paper,the reason of machine tool spindle rotation error is analyzed,and the measurement method is studied.On the basis of the research on the existing three-point method of line displacement error separation,an optimization algorithm,matrix algorithm is adopted instead of Fourier transform to realize the roundness error separation.The separated roundness error and rotation error of spindle are evaluated by the least squares method and the circular image error value.Based on the simulation software,the spindle dynamic rotation precision test system is developed.The system is used for the measurement of spindle rotation error.Through processing the measured data,the error separation result with high precision is obtained,which is instructive for the effective separation of spindle rotation error.%主轴回转误差严重制约着机床工作精度,本文对机床主轴产生回转误差的原因进行分析,并对其测量方法进行研究,在对现有的线位移三点法误差分离方法的研究的基础上,采用了一种优化算法——矩阵算法,代替傅里叶变换实现圆度误差分离.采用最小二乘法和圆图像的误差值对分离出的主轴圆度误差和回转误差进行评定.基于仿真软件,开发主轴动态回转精度测试系统,该系统用于主轴回转误差测量,通过对测量数据进行处理,得到较高精度的误差分离结果,对主轴回转误差的有效分离具有指导意义.