常用杀虫剂对新菠萝灰粉蚧的活性与田间防效

摘要

To screen chemical agents with strong biological activity to D.neobrevipes,taking 2 nd instar D.neobrevipes nymph as the obj ects,the activities of 1 9 kinds of normal pesticides,including acetamiprid, nicotine and dipterex,were screened by leaf immersion method,then an indoor toxicity test and a field control efficiency test was conducted on pesticides with higher activity.Results:1 )Acetamiprid,beta-cypermethrin,methomyl,fenpropathrin and chlorpyrifos had higher activity,the death rate exceeded 60%after treated with the concentration of 50% for 24 h.2)After treated for 24 h,the toxicity to 2nd instar nymph followed the sequence of chlorpyrifos>acetamiprid>beta-cypermethrin>methomyl>omethoate>fenpropathrin;The toxicity to adult female was chlorpyrifos>acetamiprid>beta-cypermethrin>omethoate> fenpropathrin > methomyl. 3 ) In field control test, all concentrations of acetamiprid, beta-cypermethrin, methomyl, fenpropathrin and chlorpyrifos had excellent activity on D. neobrevipes, especially when the concentration was 1 500 mg/L,the control efficiency of all pesticides except methomyl was over 80% one day later.Conclusion:The occurrence of D.neobrevipes could be effectively controlled by chlorpyrifos,acetamiprid,beta-cypermethrin and methomyl.%为筛选对新菠萝灰粉蚧（Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley）有较强生物活性的化学药剂，以新菠萝灰粉蚧2龄若虫为试虫，采用浸叶法对啶虫脒、烟碱、敌百虫等19种常用杀虫剂进行活性筛选，并对具有较高活性的药剂进行室内毒力测定和田间防效试验。结果表明：1）常用的19种杀虫剂中，啶虫脒、高效氯氰菊酯、灭多威、甲氰菊酯和毒死蜱的活性较高，50 mg/L浓度处理24 h后，新菠萝灰粉蚧2龄若虫的死亡率均高于60％。2）室内毒力测定，处理24 h后5种杀虫剂与对照药剂氧化乐果乳油对新菠萝灰粉蚧2龄若虫的毒力大小依次为毒死蜱＞啶虫脒＞高效氯氰菊酯＞灭多威＞氧化乐果＞甲氰菊酯；对新菠萝灰粉蚧雌成虫的毒力大小依次为毒死蜱＞啶虫脒＞高效氯氰菊酯＞氧化乐果＞甲氰菊酯＞灭多威。3）田间防效试验，啶虫脒、高效氯氰菊酯、灭多威、甲氰菊酯和毒死蜱在各供试浓度均对新菠萝灰粉蚧均表现出良好活性，尤其在1500 mg/L高浓度中，药后第1天，除灭多威活性稍低外，其余防效均在80％以上。结论：毒死蜱、啶虫脒、高效氯氰菊酯和灭多威可有效防治新菠萝灰粉蚧的发生。