中低海拔烟区黑膜开孔位置及大小对膜下烤烟生长的影响

摘要

为解决膜下烤烟人工开孔破膜费工耗时和破膜不及时导致烟苗素质差、高温高湿蒸死烟苗、烟苗成活率低的问题,在云南省楚雄州中低海拔烟区研究了黑膜不同开孔位置及大小对膜下烤烟生长的影响.结果表明:中海拔烟区膜下烤烟移栽后,在烟苗正上方开孔2 cm(孔直径),移栽至掏苗期间14:00时膜内温度较对照(不开孔)降低5～10℃;与对照比较,烟苗成活率提高3％,烟株早生快发,病害较轻,大田生育期提早5d,产量和产值比对照分别提高292.5 kg/hm2、9 271.2元/hm2,经济效益明显.%In order to solve such problems as labor-consuming and time-consuming artificial opening,poor seedling quality caused by untimely trepanning,tobacco seedlings dying from high temperature and humidity,and low survival rate of seedlings,the effects of black film with different opening position and size on under-film flue-cured tobacco growth were studied in middle-low altitude tobacco growing area in Chuxiong Prefecture of Yunnan Province.Results:After transplanting,the under-film-cured tobacca in middle altitude tobacco grow area,opening holes on top of flue-cured tobacco seedlings,the under-film temperature is 5～10℃ lower than control at 14:00 during transplanting to seedling stage;Compared with the control,tobacco seedling survival rate increased by 3％,tobacco plants grew quicker with lighter disease,5 d earlier growth period,292.5 kg/hm2 higher yield and 9 271.2 Yuan/hm2 higher output value,and the economic benefit was obvious.