高海拔烟区烤烟小苗膜下早栽对烟叶产质量的影响

摘要

In order to explore the best transplanting dates in high altitude area, an field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of transplanting dates with plastic film on tobacco yield and leaf quality. The results showed that earlier transplanting increased seedling survival rate, and advanced every growth stages and leaf mature time about 5 days, and prolonged field growing time for 4 days, improved the agronomic properties, cured leaf appearance quality, the conformity of leaf chemical composition, the smoking quality, and economic indices of leaves. The early transplanting in high altitude region under plastic film provided better growth condition of plant and leaves, and resulted in normal mature and higher yield and better quality of leaves.%为探明高海拔地区适宜的烤烟移栽期，进行了烤烟小苗膜下早栽试验，对烟叶生育期、农艺性状进行了调查，对烟叶外观质量、化学成分、评吸质量及经济指标进行了分析评价。结果表明，适当早栽的烟苗移栽成活率明显提高，各生育时期和烟叶成熟时间较对照提前约5 d，延长大田生长期4 d；烟株各项农艺指标表现较好，烤后烟叶外观质量优于对照；化学成分协调性改善，烟叶评吸质量最高；烤后烟叶经济指标均显著高于对照。高海拔烟区实施小苗膜下早栽技术，烟叶大田长势良好，保证了烟叶正常生长成熟，提高了烟叶产质量。