磷钾肥配施3个箭筈豌豆牧草的产量与品质

摘要

In order to provide references for high-yield and high-quality cultivation, popularization and application of V.sativas in alpine grassland in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, taking three different V.sativas cultivars, including 2505, 2556 and 2560, as the test materials, a field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of combined application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on yield and quality of the three V.sativas cultivars.Results: Yields of 2505, 2556 and 2560 reached the highest, respectively 7 352 kg/hm2,8 578 kg/hm2 and 8 574 kg/hm2 when applied with phosphorus fertilizer 150 kg/hm2 and 50 kg/hm2 potassium fertilizer, which were higher than the control respectively by 28.49%, 14.27% and 39.96%.Increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers had little influence on crude protein content, but had significant influence on the contents of soluble sugar and crude fat(P<0.05).Soluble sugar content of 2505 reached the highest of 10.56% when applied with only phosphorus fertilizer 225 kg/hm2, that of 2556 and 2560 reached the highest of 10.48% and 10.62% respectively when applied with only potassium fertilizer 100 kg/hm2, significantly different with the control(P<0.05).Crude protein content of 2505 reached the highest of 1.64% when applied with phosphorus fertilizer 225 kg/hm2 and potassium fertilizer 100 kg/hm2, that of 2556 and 2560 reached the highest of respectively 1.47% and 1.57% when applied with phosphorus fertilizer 150 kg/hm2 and potassium fertilizer 100 kg/hm2, significantly with the control(P<0.05).Comprehensively considering yield and quality, application amount of phosphorus fertilizer 150~225 kg/hm2and potassium fertilizer 50~100 kg/hm2 on the three V.sativas cultivars.%为青藏高原高寒草地箭筈豌豆的高产优质栽培及推广应用提供参考,以2505、2556和2560箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa.L)牧草新品系为试验材料,采用田间试验研究不同磷钾肥配施对3个箭筈豌豆牧草新品系产量及品质的影响.结果表明:在150 kg/hm2磷肥和50 kg/hm2钾肥配施下,2505、2556和2560箭筈豌豆牧草的产量均最高,分别为7 352 kg/hm2、8 578 kg/hm2和8 574 kg/hm2,比对照分别增产28.49%、14.27%和39.96%.增施磷钾肥对3个箭筈豌豆牧草品系粗蛋白含量的影响较小,但对其可溶性糖和粗脂肪含量的影响均达显著(P<0.05)水平.其中,2505品系的可溶性糖含量以不施钾肥和施磷肥225 kg/hm2处理最高,为10.56%;2556和2560品系均以不施磷肥和施钾肥100 kg/hm2处理最高,分别为10.48%和10.62%,且均与CK差异达显著(P<0.05)水平.2505品系的粗蛋白含量以施磷肥225 kg/hm2和钾肥100 kg/hm2处理最高,为1.64%;2556和2560品系均以施磷肥150 kg/hm2和钾肥100 kg/hm2处理最高,分别为1.47%和1.57%,且均与CK差异达显著(P<0.05)水平.综合考虑产量和品质,建议栽培3种箭筈豌豆牧草的磷肥施用量为150~225 kg/hm2,钾肥为50~100 kg/hm2.