梵净山冷杉和元宝山冷杉的叶绿体微卫星遗传多样性分析

摘要

Abies fanjingshanensis and A.yuanbaoshanensis are critically endangered plants.We used chloroplast mic-rosatellite marker to compare the genetic diversity of A.yuanbaoshanensis and A.fanjingshanensis with a widely distributed species A.fargesii var.faxoniana.A total of 21 alleles and 35 haplotypes was detected in 249 individuals from 3 pairs of primer(Pt63718,Pt30204 and Pt71936).The number of haplotypes(No),effective number of haplo-types(Ne)of A.fanjingshanensis(No=12,Ne=3.92)and A.yuanbaoshanensis(No=9,Ne=3.28)were lower than A.fargesii var.faxoniana.A.fanjingshanensis and A.yuanbaoshanensis had less rare haplotypes.The haplotype diversity(He)of A.fanjingshanensis(He=0.75)and A.yuanbaoshanensis(He=0.70)were also lower than A. fargesii var.faxoniana(He=0.97).A.fanjingshanensis and A.yuanbaoshanensis had a relatively low level of ge-netic diversity at chloroplast microsatellite.%梵净山冷杉和元宝山冷杉是极度濒危的国家一级重点保护植物.应用叶绿体微卫星标记(cpSSR)研究它们的遗传多样性,并与同属的广布种岷江冷杉的一个种群进行比较.结果表明：3对 cpSSR 引物(Pt63718、Pt30204和Pt71936)在这3种冷杉的249个个体中共检测到21个等位基因,组成35种单倍型；它们的单倍型数和有效单倍型数分别为梵净山冷杉(No＝12,Ne＝3．92),元宝山冷杉(No＝9,Ne＝3．28),两者均低于广布种岷江冷杉(No＝14,Ne＝11．57)；梵净山冷杉和元宝山冷杉的稀有单倍型较少,其频率最高的单倍型分别出现在该种群的46．0％和44．1％的个体中；梵净山冷杉(He＝0．75)和元宝山冷杉(He＝0．70)的单倍型多样性也低于岷江冷杉(He＝0．97).梵净山冷杉和元宝山冷杉的叶绿体微卫星遗传多样性水平低.