冶炼厂周围土壤中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的形态分布研究

摘要

Objective： To detect the soil ecology nearby the smelter.Methods： The study selected the wasteland in chicken street of Yunnan province,and analysed the total quantity of Pb,Zn,Cu and Cd by dispelling method,and studied the form distribution Zn,Cu,Pb and Cd in soil through five states Tessier successive extraction method.The results showed that the total concentration of four heavy metal in the soil is higher than that of National index.The main modality of Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd was residualform,and the rate of exchange state is minimum in the soil.Biological activity and migration ability of four kinds of metal was Cd Pb Zn Cu.Conclusions：（1）The soil nearby the smelter was polluted by heavy metal.（2） The study provided the theory basis for soil bioremediation,extraction and recovery in the future.%目的：观察冶炼厂周围土壤的重金属分布情况。方法：本研究选取云南鸡街周围荒地土壤为样品,采用消解法对土壤中的Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd进行总量分析,并运用Tessier连续提取的五态方法研究该区土壤中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的形态分布特征,来检测该地区的土壤生态。结果：该冶炼厂周围土壤中四种重金属的总浓度高于国家土壤环境质量指标;形态分析发现Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的主要形态为残渣态,可交换态所占比例最小;四种重金属的生物活性和迁移能力大小均为Cd〉Pb〉Zn〉Cu。结论：（1）该地区土壤被重金属污染。（2）为该地区土壤修复提供理论依据,重金属的提取和回收提供资料。