微波加热条件下竹材的化学炭化及吸附性能

摘要

To make the bamboo-carbonized process more moderate, the granule bamboo was carbonized primarily in thick H2SO4, followed by further carbonization with microwave in a nitrogen atmosphere. A good adsorption capability of bamboo charcoal has be prepared. A different carbonized conditions on the adsorption properties of bamboo charcoal has been studied by experiments. The feasible carbonized conditions were respectively carbonized time for 5 h in thick H2SO4 and microwave (high fire) carbonization and activation time for 30 min. Compared with commercial bamboo charcoal, the bamboo charcoal obtained had the highest iodine adsorption value and adsorption value of methylene blue,its adsorption capacity for Hg(Ⅱ), Pb(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ) and Cr(Ⅵ) were also better. The carbonized mechanism and change of components was examined by RT-IR spectra.%　　为使竹材的炭化过程更温和，将颗粒状竹材先经浓H2SO4初步炭化，然后在氮氛围下微波加热进一步炭化活化，制得吸附性能优良的竹炭。实验考察了不同炭化条件对竹炭吸附性能的影响。其适宜的炭化条件为：浓H2SO4炭化时间5 h；微波(高火)炭化活化时间为30 min。与商用竹炭对比，所制竹炭有高的碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值，对重金属离子汞(Ⅱ)、铅(Ⅱ)、锌(Ⅱ)、镉(Ⅵ)的吸附能力也更好。用FT-IR红外光谱探讨了竹材炭化后组成的变化和机理。