[Objective] To evaluate the occupational hazard of three water-based coating producting firms in Foshan City, for providing scientific basis for preventing the occupational diseases. [Methods] Through the field investigation, volatile organic components analysis, determination and classification of the occupational hazards in workplace, Qualitatively and quantificationally evaluate the occupational hazards of three water-based coatings producting firms. [Conclusion] The occupational hazards are formaldehyde, particles not otherwise regulated, talc dust (free SiO2<10 %), and their concentration is lower than the permissible concentration. The classification of occupational hazard at the workplaces belong to relatively harmless operation. [Conclusion] The occupational health condition of three water-based coating producting firms are good. Because the formaldehyde is highly toxic, the management should be enhanced by the firms and the supervision and publicity should be strengthened by government in occupational health.%目的 分析评价佛山市3家水性涂料生产企业职业病危害,为预防和控制职业病提供科学依据.方法 通过职业卫生现场调查法、挥发性有机组分定量分析法、职业病危害因素检测法、工作场所职业病危害作业分级法,定性定量评价水性涂料生产过程中存在的职业病危害因素及危害程度.结果 水性涂料生产过程中主要存在甲醛、其他粉尘、滑石粉尘这三种危害因素.共40个检测点,合格率100 %,其中甲醛、其他粉尘、滑石粉尘的检出率分别为100 %、66.7 %、75.0 %,其他有机毒物的检出率为0;噪声强度均低于80 dB(A).计算得到其工作场所职业病危害作业分级属于相对无害作业.结论 这3家水性涂料生产企业职业卫生现状情况良好,但甲醛属高毒物,用人单位应优先采用无甲醛或低甲醛的原材料,消除或减少职业性危害因素;提高生产自动化水平,减少作业人员直接接触甲醛的机会;为作业工人提供有效的防护口罩;严格执行岗前、在岗期间、离岗时的职业健康检查,早期发现职业病、职业健康损害和职业禁忌证.相关监督部门应加强职业卫生监管和宣传.
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