影响奶牛配种受胎率的因素及应对措施

摘要

牛场奶牛繁殖率的高低,直接影响牛场的生产效率和经济效益。奶牛情期受胎率的高低受诸多因素的影响,因此提高奶牛的情期受胎率是牛场繁育工作的重中之重。本文将多年牛场奶牛繁殖工作的经验进行整理和总结,希望能对牛场从事繁殖工作的同行们解决类似问题提供借鉴和参考。牛场繁殖工作人员要保证奶牛有较高的受胎率,必须严抓围产期奶牛的饲养管理、营养水平、健康状况、奶牛场生产环境、人工授精操作水平等环节,并能在日常工作中及时对发情牛进行准确无误的鉴定和适时进行人工授精。通过大量的实践经验总结得出,奶牛在发情已经结束的3.5 h内进行人工授精,其情期受胎率最高,可以达到75.39％(193/256)；为了及时的将发情母牛检出,每天进行发情观察3~4次,每次至少观察40 min以上,两次间隔不超过8 h,这样发情母牛的检出率可以达到85％以上。%The cow's estrus conception rate is directly affect the production efficiency and economic benefit . Estrus conception rate is affected by many factors. With many years engaged in cattle breeding work experience, analyzed the influence factors of estrus conception rate, and puts forward some measures on two aspects of the health status of dairy cows and artificial insemination. Hope to have some help to the peers with similar problem solving.