自然保护区实景三维地理信息系统设计与实践

摘要

截至2014年底,我国共有2 729个自然保护区,面积近1.5万km2.实景三维数据具有效率高、纹理清晰、内容全面精细等特点,在支撑自然保护区规划、建设、管理方面发挥很大作用.本文分析了我国自然保护区的现状:1)按级别,县级自然保护区个数最多,国家级自然保护区总面积最大;2)按主管部门,林业主管的自然保护区个数最多,总面积也最大;3)按所属类型,森林生态自然保护区个数最多,荒漠生态自然保护区总面积最大.本文给出了实景三维地理信息系统的设计框架并在国家级自然保护区开展了实践.%Until the end of 2014,there are 2 729 nature reserves.The total area reaches 1.5 thousand km2.3D image-based GIS can help to design,construct,and manage nature reserves.Based on statistics and analysis of 2014 nature reserves,it is found that:(1) the number of county-level nature reserve is the biggest,while the total area of country-level nature reserve is the largest.(2) both the number and total area of nature reserves managed by forestry authorities is the largest.(3) the number of forest ecology nature reserve is the biggest,while the total area of desert ecology nature reserve is the largest.This paper also gives the system structure of 3D image-based GIS.Finally,Liaoning Xianrendong 3D Image-based Nature Reserve GIS is given for demonstration.