福建南平钽铌矿是亚洲最大的花岗伟晶岩型钽铌矿床，也是中国钽铌金属矿的重要产地。南平钽铌矿在构造上位于闽西北隆起带东南缘，矿区内广泛发育有中-新元古界变质岩系。钽铌矿多呈脉体，沿变质岩系的片理或层理侵入，矿脉与围岩的关系清晰。这些脉体是在与加里东期花岗岩有成因联系的4类花岗伟晶岩分异-演化的基础上形成的。矿化伟晶岩中分带和交代蚀变作用均十分发育，稀土元素的矿化与伟晶熔体的结晶分异及后期热液蚀变作用有较密切的关系。稀土元素和磷酸盐矿物含量很多，这在国内外同类型伟晶岩中不常见。同时该地区也是新矿物--南平石的唯一产地。钽铌矿物是矿化伟晶岩中Ta和Nb元素的最主要载体，Ta含量大于Nb，还有其他可综合利用的稀土元素。闽西北地区具有进一步寻找此类型矿化伟晶岩的广阔前景。%The Nanping Nb-Ta deposit has become the largest pegmatite type Nb-Ta deposit in Asia. Located in northwestern up-lift zone of Fujian, The Nanping ore district has well-developed Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic metamorphic rocks. Nb-Ta mineralized pegmatite dikes intruded into wall rocks characterized by schistosity and stratification, and were formed during the evolu-tion of four types of differentiated granitic pegmatite magmas closely related to Caledonian granite. In the mineralized pegmatite, zones and metasomatism exist obviously, and mineralization occurred via crystallization differentiation and late hydrothermal altera-tion. The Nanping deposit has many types of rare elements and phosphate minerals, which is rarely seen in the world. In addition, the Nanping deposit is the only deposit that produces Nanpingite. In addition to Nb and Ta, which mainly occur in Nb-Ta minerals which contain more Ta than Nb. Other rare elements can be utilized comprehensively. Besides, it is very possible to find Nanping type mineralized pegmatite in northwestern Fujian.
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