Field observation and results of experimental studies show that Gongchangling rich iron deposit is characterized by multigenesis as a result of repetition of differcnt geological processes. It probably resulted from the infiltration of silica under the influence of aqueous solutions derived from migmatite-granite. Because the formation of rich iron deposit was accompanied by the formation of skarn minerals and the transformation of sedimont-metamorphie poor iron deposits, characteristics of both skarn deposits and strata-bound ore deposits ean therefore be recognized. Experimental data indicate that physico-chemical parameters of formation of rich iron deposit are P =2kbar, T = 500--600℃, pH= 8--10, and fo2 = 10-25 bar.
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