水稻长穗大粒种质资源产量性状配合力及遗传力分析

摘要

选用5份籼稻恢复系和6份长穗大粒种质资源，按照NCII交配设计，对7个产量性状进行配合力和遗传力分析。结果表明，所考查的7个产量性状的遗传受亲本基因加性效应和显性效应的影响，基因加性效应起主要作用。除了株高、结实率、丛有效穗、单株产量外，其他性状的遗传表达受长穗大粒种质资源的影响较大。丛有效穗、单株产量除了受亲本特殊配合力的影响外，恢复系的一般配合力起着决定性的作用。株高、千粒重的狭义遗传力较高，可早代严格选择；主穗长度、每穗总粒数、结实率、丛有效穗、单株产量狭义遗传力较低，早代选择效果不佳。CD-1在多个性状上一般配合力最好；CD-4、CD-5可作为大粒型育种的农艺亲本。R527× CD-3作为选育大穗或重穗型亲本的优异组合；多系一号× CD-4作为选育多穗型亲本的组合；R527× CD-1作为选育大粒型亲本的组合。%5 indica restorer lines and 6 germplasm resources of long panicle and big grain were chosen for the analysis of combining ability and heritability of 7 yield traits by incomplete diallele cross (NCII) design .The results showed that 7 yield traits were influenced by the additive effect and non-additive effect of parent at the same time ,major factor was additive effect .Except plant height ,seed setting rate ,panicles per plant ,grain weight per plant ,the characteristics were greatly affected by germplasm resources of long panicle and big grain .The panicles per plant and grain weight per plant were not only influenced by the specific combining ability of parent but also by the general combining ability of the restorer lines .Narrow sense heritability of plant height and 1 000-grain weight were higher , might be selected in early generation , narrow sense heritability of main panicle length ,spikelets per panicle ,seed setting rate ,panicles per plant ,grain weight per plant were lower ,early generation selection is not good .General combining ability of many characteristics of CD-1was the best ;CD-4 and CD-5 may be used as agronomic parent of big grain breeding .R527 × CD-3 may be used as excellent combination of selecting parent of big or heavy panicle type;Duoxiyihao × CD-4 may be used as combination of selecting parent of more panicle type ;R527 × CD-1 may be used as combination of selecting parent of big grain type .